Контрольная работа №1
Вариант 1.
1. Write down these nouns in plural
a client a note a knife
a brush a line a woman
a cloud a table a monopoly
an economist a face a businessman
2. Read a short story and put down numerals
It's Ben Nevis. He is a programmer. He is (28). Ben lives in
Manchester. His friend is Ted Brown. He is a physicist. Ted is (32).
He lives in Cambridge.
3. Read the text.
«Cities of the United Kingdom».
The population of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is more than 57 million people. It is mostly urban: nine tenth of it lives in towns and cities.
London, the largest city in Europe, dominates Britain. It is home for the headquarters of all government departments, Parliament, the major legal institutions and the monarch. It is the country's business and banking center and the center of its transport network. It contains headquarters of the national television networks and of all the national newspapers. It is about 7 times larger than any other city in the country. About a fifth of the total population of [lie United Kingdom lives in the Greater London area.
Tin- country's second largest city is Birmingham. During the industrial revolution, the city and the surrounding area of the west midlands, known as the Black country, developed into the country's major engineering center. Factories of Birmingham still convert iron and steel into a vast variety of goods.
In northern England, there arc large deposits of coal and iron ore. They enabled this area to lead the industrial revolution in the 18th century. On the western side, the Manchester area became, in the 19th century, the world's leading producer of cotton goods. On the eastern side, towns such as Bradford and Leeds became the world's leading producers of woolen goods. Further south, Sheffield became a center for the production of steel goods. Further north, around Newcastle, shipbuilding is the major industry.
Glasgow in Scotland is the third largest city in Britain. It is associated with heavy industry and some of the worst housing conditions in Britain. However, this image is one-sided. Glasgow has a strong artistic heritage. At the turn of the last century, the work of the Glasgow school put the city at the forefront of English design and architecture.
Edinburgh, which is half the size of Glasgow, is the city of science and is associated with science, law and administration. This reputation, together with many historic buildings has led to its being called "The Athens of the North". The annual festival of the arts is internationally famous.

1) Find and write down sentences with the degrees of
comparison. Translate them.
2) Find geographical names in the text and write them.
3) Find, write down and translate sentences with the verb to
be (Present, Past, Future).

2. Read the text «Mixed Economy».
Vocabulary notes
Significant faults - значительные недостатки
At one extreme ...
At the extreme - на одном полюсе ... на другом
То exercise considerable
economic freedom of choice - иметь значительную
экономическую свободу выбора
Restriction - ограничение
Whilst (syn. while)- В то время как
State-controlled industry - промышленность, контролируемая
государством
То avoid disadvantages- избегать недостатков
То enjoy the benefits- пользоваться преимуществами
То interact- взаимодействовать
To solve economic problems- решать экономические проблемы
A share of the output- доля в объеме производства
Essential items- товары и услуги первой
необходимости
A range of business- зд. ряд компаний, фирм
Command and market economies both have significant faults. Partly because of this, an intermediate system has developed, known as mixed economies.
A mixed economy means very much what it says as it contains elements of both market and planned economies. At one extreme we have a command economy, which does not allow individuals to make economic decisions, at the other extreme we have a free market, where individuals exercise considerable economic freedom of choice without any government restrictions. Between these two extremes lies a mixed economy. In mixed economies some resources are controlled by the government whilst others are used in response to the demands of consumers.
Technically, all the economies of the world are mixed: it is just the balance elements between market and planned elements that alters. Some countries are nearer to command economies, while others closer to free market economies. So, for example, Hong Kong has some state-controlled industry, while Cuba has some privately owned and controlled firms.
The aim of mixed economy is to avoid the disadvantages of both systems while enjoying the benefits that they both offer. So, in a mixed economy the government and private sector interact in solving economic problems- The state controls the share of the output through taxation and transfer payments and intervenes to supply essential items such as health, education and defence, while private firms produce cars, furniture, electrical items and similar, less essential products.
The UK is a mixed economy: some services are provided by the state (for example, health care and defence) whilst a range of privately owned businesses offer other goods and services. The, Conservative government under Margaret Thatcher switched many businesses from being state-owned and controlled to being privately owned as part of its privatization programme. This has taken the UK economy further away from the planned system.
1) Find and write ten economical terms. Translate them.
2) Make a summary of the text. You may use these questions.

What is an intermediate system between command and market? What does a mixed economy contain? Аrе resources controlled by the state? Which is the main aim of mixed economy? Why do the government and the private sector interact in mixed economy?
What countries can be an example of mixed economy?

3) Write down the examples of Present Simple from the text and
translate them.

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