ВВЕДЕНИЕ 2
1. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ 4
1.1. Яичник 4
1.2. Факторы фоллликулогенеза 20
1.2.1. Ароматаза 20
1.2.3. Лиганд-рецепторная система кисспептина 29
2.1. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ 34
2.1. Материал 34
2.2. Иммунофлуоресцентный анализ 35
2.3. Морфометрия 36
2.4. Статистический анализ результатов исследования 37
3. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ 38
3.1. Экспрессия кисспептина, рецептора кисспептина, рецептора
антимюллерова гормона и ароматазы в яичниках детей 38
3.2. Корреляции между экспрессией различных факторов фолликулогенеза в
яичниках детей 42
4. ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ 44
ВЫВОДЫ 46
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
Яичники - это парный орган, выполняющий две важные функции: репродуктивную, выражающуюся в формировании женских половых клеток, и эндокринную, реализующуюся в продукции половых гормонов. Это происходит благодаря протекающим в нем сопряжённым процессам овогенеза и фолликулогенеза. Сборка фолликулов в начале формирования яичников и последующее их развитие с переходом примордиальных фолликулов в последующие стадии являются критическими процессами в биологии яичников. Эти процессы непосредственно влияют на количество ооцитов, доступных для женщины на протяжении всей ее репродуктивной жизни. Когда пул примордиальных фолликулов истощается, происходит ряд физиологических изменений, известных как менопауза. Неподходящая координация этих процессов способствует патологиям яичников, таким как преждевременное угасание функции яичников и бесплодие. Выявление и оценка степени экспресии, а также изучение взаимосвязей факторов фолликулогенеза, контролирующих рост и развитие клеток яичников в разные периоды жизни, имеет решающее значение для понимания физиологии яичников. Осознание этих процессов обеспечивает терапевтические инструменты для регулирования функции яичников.
Цель работы: выявление кисспептина, рецептора кисспептина, ароматазы и рецептора антимюллерова гормона; оценка возрастной динамики синтеза названных факторов фолликулогенеза у детей в первые годы жизни; исследование их взаимосвязей друг с другом.
Для этого были поставлены следующие задачи:
1) Выявить факторы фолликулогенеза с помощью иммунофлуоресцентного анализа.
2) Установить площадь распространения экспрессии кисспептина, рецептора кисспептина, ароматазы и рецептора антимюллерова гормона в яичниках.
3) Установить корреляцию и оценить межгрупповые различия в экспрессии факторов фолликулогенеза в зависимости от возраста
4) Установить корреляции между экспрессией факторов фолликулогенеза.
1) Иммунофлуоресцентный анализ выявляет факторы фолликулогенеза,
а именно: кисспептин, рецептор кисспептина, ароматазу, рецептор
антимюллерова гормона.
2) Установлена площадь распространения экспрессии кисспептина, рецептора кисспептина, ароматазы и рецептора антимюллерова гормона в яичниках.
3) Ароматаза отрицательно коррелирует с возрастом
4) Кисспептин отрицательно коррелирует с синтезом рецептора антимюллерова гормона.
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