Development of a methodological approach to determine the technical condition of the production string covered by tubing
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Annotation.……………………………………….......………………………................………...2
List of symbols and abbreviations.…… ……………..……....…………......…............….…..….4
List of illustrations.…………………………………………...........…………….…..…………...5
List of tables.………….……………………………………......………….…….……...…….….6
Introduction.…………………………………………………...………………………….……...7
1 Geophysical methods for monitoring the technical condition of the wellbore.............……..…9
1.1 Thermometry ………..….….…................……………………….…………………………9
1.2 Gamma logging …………….…………..……………………….………………………….15
1.3 Casing Collar Locator ………………………………..…............................................…….16
1.4 Barometry…….............................................................................................................……..16
1.5 Spinner ……………………...................................................................................……....…17
1.6 Thermoconductive flow measurement………...........................…………………………….17
1.7 Induction resistivity logging…………………...............................................................…….17
1.8 Water-Holdup Meter………………….......................................................................……….18
1.9 Spectral noise logging………………...........................................................................……..19
1.10 Temperature modeling………………...........................................................................……26
2 Technology of work and equipment………………………………….………………………..34
2.1 Technology of work……………………............................................................................….34
3. Complex tool "HPT-SNL"…………………........................................................……………36
4 Interpretation of research results……………..........................................…………………….38
5. Conclusion…………........…………………………………………………….............……...73
List of used sources………………………...………………………………........................…...74
List of symbols and abbreviations.…… ……………..……....…………......…............….…..….4
List of illustrations.…………………………………………...........…………….…..…………...5
List of tables.………….……………………………………......………….…….……...…….….6
Introduction.…………………………………………………...………………………….……...7
1 Geophysical methods for monitoring the technical condition of the wellbore.............……..…9
1.1 Thermometry ………..….….…................……………………….…………………………9
1.2 Gamma logging …………….…………..……………………….………………………….15
1.3 Casing Collar Locator ………………………………..…............................................…….16
1.4 Barometry…….............................................................................................................……..16
1.5 Spinner ……………………...................................................................................……....…17
1.6 Thermoconductive flow measurement………...........................…………………………….17
1.7 Induction resistivity logging…………………...............................................................…….17
1.8 Water-Holdup Meter………………….......................................................................……….18
1.9 Spectral noise logging………………...........................................................................……..19
1.10 Temperature modeling………………...........................................................................……26
2 Technology of work and equipment………………………………….………………………..34
2.1 Technology of work……………………............................................................................….34
3. Complex tool "HPT-SNL"…………………........................................................……………36
4 Interpretation of research results……………..........................................…………………….38
5. Conclusion…………........…………………………………………………….............……...73
List of used sources………………………...………………………………........................…...74
The author of this work was a pre-diploma internship at TGT Oil & Gas Services Ltd. as an
interpreter. During the internship, the author got acquainted and participated in all phases of
geophysical work, and also collected the material necessary for writing this work. In the form of
geological and geophysical data from six wells from oil fields in Russia, two of them are producers,
four injectors. Of the six wells, one is horizontal.
The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the evaluation of the technical condition of the
wells, as well as monitoring and diagnostics of the reservoir operation, is very important for the
successful development of the field, especially when developing fields at a late stage. At present, the
main method for diagnosing the technical condition of the well and diagnosing the reservoir operation
at a late stage field is the standard complex, which includes such methods as: thermometry, barometry,
composition methods and mechanical spinner survey. However, the standard complex has a number of
limitations that do not effectively investigate wells for untargeted injection and production of well
fluid, foremost among which are diagnostics of the technical condition of intervals covered by tubing,
as well as structural elements and deflated equipment, such as tubing shoe, annular packer.
The purpose of this work is to describe the application, proof of efficiency, standard complex,
expanded spectral acoustics data and temperature modeling, which allows to overcome these
difficulties, since the spectral acoustics data help to further reveal the intervals of untargeted fluids
income or injection, especially in the places covered by wellbore structural elements; using
temperature modeling, quantify non-target fluid volumes. In this case, the results of spectral acoustics
logging is key information.
And analyze the programs for researching wells under conditions of different production /
injection regimes and to identify the most effective research methodology.
To achieve thus purposes, the author solved the following tasks:
1. To interpret the spectral noise measurement in wells with tubing to determine the integrity
of the columns;
2. To study the possibilities of temperature modeling in solving problems of determining the
integrity of a column and identifying behind casing flowing of fluid;
3. To analyze the effectiveness of the well survey program under different production /
injection conditions.
The object of the work is several investigated vertical wells, showing how, using an extended
complex, the intervals of untargeted fluid drifts behind the production string covered by the tubing
shoe were detected, and their quantitative indicators were evaluated.
Research methodology. In these examples, the wells were studied first with a standard
complex, with an appropriate interpretation, which did not allow to unambiguously determine the
intervals of untargeted fluid withdrawal over the interval covered by the tubing, and then later, the
extended complex with the inclusion of spectral acoustics data and temperature modeling, which8
uniquely allowed us to identify and evaluate the intervals fluid care for the interval covered by the
tubing.
interpreter. During the internship, the author got acquainted and participated in all phases of
geophysical work, and also collected the material necessary for writing this work. In the form of
geological and geophysical data from six wells from oil fields in Russia, two of them are producers,
four injectors. Of the six wells, one is horizontal.
The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the evaluation of the technical condition of the
wells, as well as monitoring and diagnostics of the reservoir operation, is very important for the
successful development of the field, especially when developing fields at a late stage. At present, the
main method for diagnosing the technical condition of the well and diagnosing the reservoir operation
at a late stage field is the standard complex, which includes such methods as: thermometry, barometry,
composition methods and mechanical spinner survey. However, the standard complex has a number of
limitations that do not effectively investigate wells for untargeted injection and production of well
fluid, foremost among which are diagnostics of the technical condition of intervals covered by tubing,
as well as structural elements and deflated equipment, such as tubing shoe, annular packer.
The purpose of this work is to describe the application, proof of efficiency, standard complex,
expanded spectral acoustics data and temperature modeling, which allows to overcome these
difficulties, since the spectral acoustics data help to further reveal the intervals of untargeted fluids
income or injection, especially in the places covered by wellbore structural elements; using
temperature modeling, quantify non-target fluid volumes. In this case, the results of spectral acoustics
logging is key information.
And analyze the programs for researching wells under conditions of different production /
injection regimes and to identify the most effective research methodology.
To achieve thus purposes, the author solved the following tasks:
1. To interpret the spectral noise measurement in wells with tubing to determine the integrity
of the columns;
2. To study the possibilities of temperature modeling in solving problems of determining the
integrity of a column and identifying behind casing flowing of fluid;
3. To analyze the effectiveness of the well survey program under different production /
injection conditions.
The object of the work is several investigated vertical wells, showing how, using an extended
complex, the intervals of untargeted fluid drifts behind the production string covered by the tubing
shoe were detected, and their quantitative indicators were evaluated.
Research methodology. In these examples, the wells were studied first with a standard
complex, with an appropriate interpretation, which did not allow to unambiguously determine the
intervals of untargeted fluid withdrawal over the interval covered by the tubing, and then later, the
extended complex with the inclusion of spectral acoustics data and temperature modeling, which8
uniquely allowed us to identify and evaluate the intervals fluid care for the interval covered by the
tubing.
During the writing of this work, the author studied the geological materials for six wells from
different fields: the geology of the area, hydrogeological characteristics, methods of geophysical
works and their processing, as well as the technology of their implementation. Standard field logging
data was interpreted to include: thermometry, barometry, composition methods and mechanical flow
metering, and noise metering data were interpreted; temperature modeling was performed in each of
the six wells. The basis for selecting these wells is based on the fact that they correspond to the
purpose of this work, each of the wells has a complicated structure, all wells have pump-compression
pipes, all but two have an annular packer.
Based on the results of the interpretation and the conclusions made in these wells, it can be
concluded that the use of noise measurement and tamper modeling allows us to fully solve the
problem of determining leakage intervals in areas complicated by the well design. And also, after
analyzing the conducted studies with different modes of operation of the well, we can conclude that
the maximum effectiveness of noise measurement is manifested at the most intensive operation of the
well, that is, at the maximum injection volume in the injection wells and at the maximum flow rate in
the production wells.
In connection with the long-term operation of wells, the annual volume of work continues to
grow, and research related to the determination of the actual condition and the degree of wear of the
elements of the well structure remains in demand.
Methods of geophysical logging using the method of noise measurement and temperature
modeling technology, allow you to make a full assessment of the technical condition of the well, they
display the work of the layers, and are able to identify behind-the-barrel flows, and cross-cutting
violations. This method is quite expensive, but the high price is justified by the high accuracy and
informative research.
different fields: the geology of the area, hydrogeological characteristics, methods of geophysical
works and their processing, as well as the technology of their implementation. Standard field logging
data was interpreted to include: thermometry, barometry, composition methods and mechanical flow
metering, and noise metering data were interpreted; temperature modeling was performed in each of
the six wells. The basis for selecting these wells is based on the fact that they correspond to the
purpose of this work, each of the wells has a complicated structure, all wells have pump-compression
pipes, all but two have an annular packer.
Based on the results of the interpretation and the conclusions made in these wells, it can be
concluded that the use of noise measurement and tamper modeling allows us to fully solve the
problem of determining leakage intervals in areas complicated by the well design. And also, after
analyzing the conducted studies with different modes of operation of the well, we can conclude that
the maximum effectiveness of noise measurement is manifested at the most intensive operation of the
well, that is, at the maximum injection volume in the injection wells and at the maximum flow rate in
the production wells.
In connection with the long-term operation of wells, the annual volume of work continues to
grow, and research related to the determination of the actual condition and the degree of wear of the
elements of the well structure remains in demand.
Methods of geophysical logging using the method of noise measurement and temperature
modeling technology, allow you to make a full assessment of the technical condition of the well, they
display the work of the layers, and are able to identify behind-the-barrel flows, and cross-cutting
violations. This method is quite expensive, but the high price is justified by the high accuracy and
informative research.