ПОСТАВКИ РОССИЙСКОГО ОРУЖИЯ В ИНДОНЕЗИЮ, 1960-е 2000-е гг. И ЕЕ
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ НА БУДУЩЕЕ
RUSSIAN ARMS TRANSFER TO INDONESIA FROM 1960-2000S AND ITS
PERSPECTIVES ON FUTURE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 4
INTRODUCTIONS 5
CHAPTER 1.
Historical Background of Russian Arms Transfers to Indonesia in period 1960-2000s 17
1.1 The Beginning of Bilateral Relation between Soviet Union and Indonesia (1945-1958) 17
1.2 The Highest Point of Indonesia and The Soviet Union Cooperation in Military and those
Contributing Factors (1959-1964) 24
1.3 The Degradation Relationship between Indonesia and the Soviet Union (1965-1989) 30
1.4 The Collapse of Soviet Union and the Transition to Russian Federation (1990-2000s)
31
CHAPTER 2.
The Dynamics of Arms Transfer from Russia to Indonesia 39
2.1 The Strategic Partnership of the Soviet Union between Indonesia 39
2.2 Process and Factors of Soviet Union as Arms Exporter to Indonesia 41
2.3 The Types of Weapons that Soviet Union / Russia had transferred to Indonesia 43
CHAPTER 3.
Russian Intention as Strategic Partnership in Arms Transfer 71
3.1 Concept of Strategic Partnership in Russian Arms Transfer 71
3.2 Russian Intention in Building Strategic Partnership with Indonesia 73
3.3 Russian Arms Transfer and Its Future Percpectives 75
CONCLUSIONS 78
LIST OF PRIMARY SOURCES AND REFERENCES 79
ARCHIVES 89
The theme of this Master’s dissertation is Russian Arms Transfer to Indonesia from 1960 to 2000s and its future perspectives.
Relevance of the Topic. By The end of World War II was a major strategic change to the International geopolitical system. A change that globalizes the struggle of the power of the major actors who are an important part of the international system of the world. The system of cooperation in international relations is one of the most difficult anarchy activities to implement. In an international system that does not have the power of attorney, so the state cannot bear cooperation with other countries even though it has been signed together.
In this new global environment also emerged the emergence of new international actors, and one of them Indonesia. The relationship between Indonesia and he Soviet Union in 1945 had not been clearly defined. In this position, the Soviet Union restored the geopolitical situation in Europe and East Asia after World War II. At the same time, Indonesia was struggling for independence from the Dutch army.
Since the independence of the Republic of Indonesia on August 17th 1945, an active free policy of politics has always been implanted to the present day. The political policy that explains that Indonesia has a free and active principle which means that Indonesia does not side with the power of other countries that are not in line with the value of Pancasila and remain active in carrying out events that occur in the international arena.
Indonesia as the biggest archipelago country in the world has been one of strategic partner to be involved to with superpower country. Sukarno and Khurschev had opened the door of defense bilateral relations between the Soviet Union and Indonesa. The Soviet Union embraced Indonesia after declaring its proclamation in 1945. The Soviet Union intention to demonstrate relation with Indonesia is one of the strategy partnership in alliance. Both countries had declared as anti-colonist, therefore, the Soviet Union concerned in building relationship with Indonesia, Along with that, Indonesia could be considered one of emerging power in Southeast Asia and Asia Pacific. It would be Soviet’s strategy to be hegemonial power in Asia.
The harmony of Soviet Union and Indonesia in military cooperation had lasted less 9 years. In this cooperation, the Soviet leveraged Indonesian military capabilities and defended Indonesia in West Irian dispute with the Dutch. Aftermath the transition from Old Regime under Soekarno’s leadership diminished and transformed to New Regime under Suharto’s rules. This intimate cooperation Indonesia and the Soviet had became dreary, until the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Transition the Soviet Union to Russia Federation had reestablished both countries relations. The re-establishment of strategic partners Indonesia with Russia is a bilateral defense has been on progress. By analyzing history of Indonesia and Russia, Russia has been considered to be the most welcoming country of Indonesia. Russia, therefore it can be predicted as an important role in the regional Pacific region is a potential partner in the economic development of Indonesia. And Russia has also invested and made an important influence in players in the Indonesian economy.
The existencis of Russia can direct Southeast Asian region into multipolarity orientation. As Indonesia is one of the leading country in Southeast Asia, Indonesia should play mportant role in Southeast Asia. To be concluded, Indonesia should not be contingent on other countries, whether if Indonesia has desire to be regional power in Southeast Asia and Asia Pacific.
